RESPIRATORY CARE TO PREVENT COMPLICATIONS AFTER THORCOTOMY Essay

RESPIRATORY CARE TO PREVENT COMPLICATIONS AFTER THORCOTOMY - Essay Example Up to 65% of patients may have an atelectasis, and 3% may develop pneumonia (Pasquina et al 2003). They are the result of progressive changes in the respiratory status of the patient and play a significant role in postoperative morbidity and mortality (Leo et al 2006). They also prolong hospital stay and increase healthcare costs (Pasquina et al 2003). Thoracotomy is performed for various surgeries like resection of pulmonary and esophageal tumors, operations on the lung like pneumonectomy, lobectomy, segmental resection, wedge resection and lung-volume reduction surgery, operations on the pleura like pleurectomy and decortication, operations on the esophagus and on the heart (Porter 2003). The pulmonary complications are usually delayed, occurring 48–72 hours after thoracotomy (Leo et al 2006). The commonly seen complications are adult respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, atelectasis, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary edema, asthma and respiratory failure (Leo et al 2006). Since pulmonary complications increase the morbidity and mortality of patients following surgery, many studies have been done to look into means of preventing these complications. Leo et al (2006) evaluated the benefits of identifying these complications early in the course of post-operative care after thoracotomy, so that appropriate interventions can be delivered to prevent and manage these complications. They used a multifactorial score called FLAM score to identify postoperative patients at higher risk for pulmonary complications at least 24 hours before the clinical diagnosis. The FLAM score was based on 7 parameters, namely, dyspnea, chest X-ray, delivered oxygen, auscultation, cough, quality and quantity of bronchial secretions. The researchers concluded that changes in FLAM score could be detected atleast 24 hours before the clinical diagnosis of pulmonary complications, giving as opportunity for the clinicians to take action much before overt symptoms. Algar et al

Beauty and Body Image with Women Essay Example for Free

Beauty and Body Image with Women Essay Beauty and Body Image for Women miou can lose 12 pounds in 10 days. Have beautiful, shiny hair that will last forever and Look 10 years younger by Just applying this to your face every night. Now a days there are hundreds of advertisements trying to persuade women on how to look, what not wear and especially how much to weigh. It seems like a magnifying glass that exams every inch of our bodies to find fault or a way of improvement. A while go it was believed that beauty comes from within not the outside. However that saying seems to hold little to no meaning anymore. So what does beauty truly mean now? Dictionary. com defines beauty as the quality present in a thing or person that gives intense pleasure or deep satisfaction to the mind. These days people have take that meaning and created a multi- billion industry. Whether its for necessary needs, self- esteem issues, social gratification or work requirements there is a reason for omen to interest in the topic beauty. Outer body image has become a major factor in our everyday lives. People and companies have invented machines, creams, pills, books and so on to help improve whatever you have an issue with. Women have spent millions of dollars to satisfy their personal idea of what being beautiful is. There are many kinds of beauty however they usually fall into two categories. Inner Beauty being the first category of beauty , that usually deals with your personality and how you treat others or your actions. Secondly there is outer beauty or what I like to call the worlds cash cow. It includes clothes, hair, make-up, weight and many more things. Not Just America but thousands of places around the world has made many rules to how the perfect woman image should be, it has truly became toxic and confusing. Thousands of companies and fellow people have gain generous amounts of money for creating and advertising items to help indulge the rules. Jenny Craig , 24 Hour Fitness, Proactive, Mary Kay, and Tae-bo are Just a few names that have ollected nice checks from women who try to better themselves. There are different machines, creams, pills for every and anything, whether you want something fast or natural there is something out there that claims to do trick, Society has been the main gas fuel to the topic of beauty and body image. Thanks to the media, everyones views, ideas, and opinion are casted and seen by many people especially targeting women. It has also taken young girls hostage worrying about what they look like efore they even pass puberty. They are seeing celebrities and models that influence them that this is the way they should look if they want to be beautiful. Usually for women our self- esteem and body image becomes a real issue during young pre- teens as girls. Taking the ideas of our friends, family, the people around us and the media, combined with what our thought of what beauty is and reconstructing ourselves to closely fit that image is something that women have seem to do every

Technological Innovations of the Civil War

Technological Innovations of the Civil War Edward Cordero The American Civil War is known for being the most ruthless battle ever fought in American History. The outcome of the war continues to review the disturbing nature that many individuals endure for the unity of our nation. Despite its downside, the Civil War is also regarded as the first modern war.[1] During the Civil War, the improvement of weapons and technologies shaped the way Union and Confederate soldiers approached the front line.   The technological innovations also triggered the surge in death tolls and casualties of many soldiers, which justifies the reason as to why the Civil War currently leads the number of deaths in all American wars. Weapons, communication, transportation, and documentation were all challenging for both the Union Army and Confederate States Army prior to the advancement of technologies. This ultimately made the battles extremely tough and the hardship that soldiers faced is something that would be impossible to imagine in wars that are fought t oday. Therefore, the innovations of the repeating rifle, hot air balloon, telegraph, submarine, railroad, and camera all had an immediate impact on how the Civil War was fought. One of the most outstanding technological innovations of the Civil War was the repeating rifle. At the beginning of the Civil War, soldiers were forced to cope with various type of rifles until it eventually progressed to the repeaters. Soldiers from both the north and south were first given the smooth-bore muskets. The smooth-bore musket had a long barrel that was ineffective because it had a maximum range of about 300 feet.[2] Accuracy was not the only issue, but the amount of time required to reload the muskets caused frustration. Only the most well-trained soldiers will be able to load, aim and fire their weapons three times in one minute.[3] In addition, the smooth-bore muskets could only take in round shaped bullets that were nearly the same size as the diameter of the barrel, making the accuracy of the shot less effective. For soldiers to hit their target successfully, they would have to run closer to their enemies. To improve the accuracy, soldiers turned their interest to ri fled muskets or rifling. Rifled muskets are like the smooth-bore muskets, but the only difference were the design of their barrels. The rifled muskets were designed with a barrel that had grooves[4] that would allow the bullet to spin, which will result in the bullet spiraling its way to the enemy. It did not only cause intense damage to an enemy, it also extended its accuracy up to 500 yards when firing with a conical Minià ¨ ball bullet.[5] Although, both types of musket were still considered ineffective because it could only fire one bullet at a time. Thanks to Benjamin Tyler Henry, the first repeating rifle to be used in the Civil War was invented. Around 1863, Benjamin Tyler Henry invented the Henry Rifle that was capable of firing twelve shots in the span of one minute.[6] The emergence of the repeating rifles was only made available for the Union Army because the Confederates did not have the equipment nor did they have the knowledge on how to produce the rifles. This weapon made it possible for Union soldiers to fire rounds repeatedly, making it a convenient tactic when approaching enemy at a close distance. The only downside to the Henry Rifle was the time-consuming process to reload. Following the invention of the Henry Rifle was another type of repeating rifle called the Spencer Rifle. Christopher Spencer developed another version of the repeating rifle, but his invention could only fire seven rounds.[7] The Union soldiers admired the Spencer Rifle because it was much easier to reload and it could fire seven shots in 30 second.[8] One of the most famous quotes that was written by a Union Soldier in response to the development of the Spencer Rifle is, we have guns that we load up on Sunday and shoot all the rest of the week.[9] Both repeating rifles played an important role during the war, but it was the Henry Rifle that garnered most of the interest of the Union soldiers because of its higher ammunition capacity. The improvements from the rifled mu sket to the Spencer Rifle changed the way soldiers fought the war. Union soldiers were much more capable of causing immediate death to their enemy, making it possible for them to keep pressing forward. The innovation of the repeating rifles is just the beginning for the Union Army. The Union Army continued to improve their military tactics with the aid of the hot air balloon. Professor Thaddeus Lowe innovated the first ever hot air balloon that was used in the Civil War. Despite seeing success in his work, he must first demonstrate his balloon to President Abraham Lincoln.[10] On June 17, 1861, Lowe lofted upward to a height of 500 feet in his balloon- the Enterprise- from the Washington Mall in the vicinity of where the National Air Space Museum now stands.[11]After a successful demonstration, President Lincoln established a Balloon Corp in which Lowe was appointed as commander. Lowe received funds on August 2, 1861 to construct the Union, which was the first hot air balloon to be used in a military combat.[12] The purpose of incorporating the hot air balloon during the Civil War was to provide aerial reconnaissance [13]for the Union Army. The intended strategy that Lowe suggested is to ascend into the air while carrying a telegraph, another technological adv ancement for the Union Army, throughout the trip. By being 1000 feet high in the air, Lowe will be able to examine every movement the Confederate soldiers made. He would then use the telegraph to send back information to the Balloon Corp, stating the locations of the Confederate Soldiers. Easily, the Union soldiers would be able to fire accurately at the locations of the Confederates, without actually seeing them.[14] The hot air balloon provided aerial advantage for the Union Army. Technological innovations continue to be outpouring for the Union Army, following the invention of the telegraph. During the Civil War, the telegraph proved its value as a tactical, operational, and strategic communication medium and an important contributor to Union victory.[15]Samuel Morse invented the telegraph in 1844 and continued to progress until he sent the worlds first telegraph message from Washington D.C. to Baltimore, Maryland.[16] The telegraph is a machine that made long distance communication possible by sending electric signals over a wire. Prior to Civil War, telegraph lines were seen scattered throughout the East Coast. The Western Union Telegraph Company managed to spread around 15,000 miles of telegraph cable, which was used primarily for military communication.[17] Similar to the innovation of the hot air balloon, the telegraph had to be demonstrated in order to get the approval to be utilize in war. In 1843, Morse made his first demonstration by sending the mess age, What hath God Wrought!, from Washington D.C. to Baltimore.[18] The original document that hold these historic message is located in the Library of Congress. The telegraph played a major role in the Civil War because it made communication much easier. It was used to transmit and receive important messages about the war. It was a necessary device for the Balloon Corp because in order for Professor Thaddeus Lowe to send messages to Union soldiers from the air, he must use the telegraph. The telegraph was also responsible for keeping the media up to date. Without the telegraph, the Union Army would not have that much advantage over the Confederate States Army. The Union Army had greater advantage over the Confederate States Army, but with the innovation of the submarine, the Confederate soldiers found themselves in the process of retaliating. At the beginning of the Civil War, the Union Army already had naval advantage by incorporating the ironclad warships. The ironclad warships were remarkable because it was equipped with armor-cladding[19] and for its ability to destroy while staying afloat on water. The primary purpose of the ironclad warships was to create a barrier to prevent the Confederates sailors from leaving their ports. The innovation of the submarine gave the Confederates the ability to sneak up on the ironclad ships while underwater, which was considered one of the most celebrated tactical innovations of the war.[20] There were many submarines that were developed by the Confederacy, but the most significant creation was done by William Cheeney and Horace Hunley.[21]Hunley created many submarines throughout the Civil War, but he felt the urge to continue improving the features of his submarines. The most outstanding submarine he created was called CSS H.L. Hunley. On February 1864, Hunley was ready to make the first attack with the CSS H.L. Hunley. Lieutenant George Dixon, along with his crew, set out and found the Unions USS Housatonic, an ironclad warship. At this point, Dixon and his crew submerged away from the enemy and rammed the Housatonic with a spar torpedo protruding from the front of the sub.[22] The torpedo managed to hit the side of the enemys ship and was sunk within five minutes. Hence, the CSS H.L. Hunley secured a spot in history as being the first submarine to destroy an enemy ship.[23] Unfortunately, hours after the successful attack, the CSS H.L. Hunley sunk and was never seen again. The submarine played a major role in the Civil War for the Confederates because it gave them the greater advantage in naval warfare. Despite the Union Armys aggression on land, the Confederate States Army were establishing their dominance underwater. Technological innovations seem to be a competition, but the innovation of the railroad was impactful for both the Union and Confederates. Prior to the innovation of the railroad, it was difficult to transport reinforcement troops, weapons, and other military resources. Railroads dramatically increased strategic (and often operational) mobility and armies due to their ability to carry large amount of troops and supplies rapidly.[24] The innovation of the railroad differs between the north and south. The Union Army still had the greater advantage because it constructed 20,000 miles of track, compare to the Confederates 9,000 miles of track.[25] This resulted in the Union Army scattering equipped troops throughout the northern region rapidly. Since the railroad was seen as an advantage for both sides, it made sense that they will try to destroy each others railroad operation. The Union Army created a strategy to attack and divide the Confederacy into non-supporting and isolated zones by cutting water and existing rail transportation line.[26] The Confederate Army wanted to play equal by destroying fixed rail facilities[27] in which the Union Army needed in order to transport troops and supplies. Although, the Confederates did not have that much advantage with the railroads, but they were the first to use trains to their advantage.[28] Since the production of military equipment were increasing during the Civil War, it would be considered useless without a large system to transport and distribute. In addition, without the railroads, animals would be the only option for the means of transportation. The technological innovation that made the Civil War the first war to be documented,[29] was the innovation of the camera. The camera differs from other technological innovations of the Civil War, only because it was not used for military purposes. The camera played a major role during the Civil War because it allowed the horrors and glory of war to be seen by the public for the first time.[30]   One of the most famous photographers during the Civil War was Mathew Brady. Brady did not capture most of the images himself, but he did hire Alexander Gardner and Timothy OSullivan to work in his studio.[31]Capturing photographs during the Civil War was a difficult process because the equipment was heavy and it was time-consuming. Hence, there were no action captured images of the war. It was also a dangerous process because the chemicals that were necessary involved sulfuric acid[32]and it had to be mixed by hand. Wet-plate photography and stereo views photography were two types of method used to capture gruesome images of dead soldiers, as well as the locations where battles had taken place.[33] The stereo views photography was the most popular because it created three-dimensional images. The innovation of the camera made it possible for the memory of the Civil War to live on forever. Without the camera, primary sources of the Civil War would be limited to written documents and artifacts. The photographs captured from the Civil War reveals the technologies that were used and it also give a glimpse of the life soldiers endure. This advancement did not only affect how the war was viewed, but it also inspired future combat photographer[34] to take their camera and venture out to other battlefields such as the Vietnam War and WWII. [1] The US Civil War, the First Modern War, Aeragon, accessed March 5, 2017, http://www.aeragon.com/03/, Par. 1. [2] Civil War Innovations, PBS, accessed March 3, 2017, http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/feature/civil-war-innovations/, Par. 6. [3] The US Civil War, the First Modern War, Aeragon, accessed March 5, 2017, http://www.aeragon.com/03/, par. 19. [4] Civil War Innovations, PBS, accessed March 3, 2017, http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/feature/civil-war-innovations/, par. 6. [5] Richard Moorehead, Technology and the American Civil War, Military Review, vol. 84, no. 3 (2004), last modified June 2004, https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-665061951/technology-and-the-american-civil-war, par. 2. [6] The US Civil War, the First Modern War, Aeragon, accessed March 5, 2017, http://www.aeragon.com/03/, par. 20. [7] Ibid., par. 21. [8] Civil War Technology, A+E Networks, accessed March 9, 2017, http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/civil-war-technology, par. 5. [9] Ibid., par. 6. [10] Army Balloon Corps, Genesee Country Village and Museum, accessed March 3, 2017, https://www.gcv.org/Historic-Village/The-Intrepid/Army-Balloon-Corps, par. 2. [11] Ibid. [12] Ibid., par. 4. [13] Ibid., par. 1. [14] Ibid., par. 5. [15] David Hochfelder, The Telegraph, Essential Civil War Curriculum, accessed March 3, 2017, http://www.essentialcivilwarcurriculum.com/the-telegraph.html, par. 1. [16] The US Civil War, the First Modern War, Aeragon, accessed March 5, 2017, http://www.aeragon.com/03/, par. 36. [17] Civil War Innovations, PBS, accessed March 3, 2017, http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/feature/civil-war-innovations/, par. 1. [18] Morse Code the Telegraph, A+E Network, accessed March 11, 2017, http://www.history.com/topics/inventions/telegraph, par. 6. [19] Civil War Innovations, PBS, accessed March 3, 2017, http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/feature/civil-war-innovations/, par. 8. [20] David Stauffer and Lewis West, The Civil and early submarine warfare, The Gilder Lehrman: Institute of American History, accessed March 3, 2017, https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/american-civil-war/resources/civil-war-and-early-submarine-warfare-1863, par. 1. [21] Civil War Submarines, American Civil War Story, accessed March 12, 2017, http://www.americancivilwarstory.com/civil-war-submarine.html, par. 19. [22] Ibid., par. 31. [23] Ibid. [24] David Hollis, The Impact of Railroads on Warfare During the American Civil War, Tocwoc, last modified February 16, 2010, http://www.brettschulte.net/CWBlog/2010/02/16/the-impact-of-railroads-on-warfare-during-the-american-civil-war/, par. 4. [25] Civil War Innovations, PBS, accessed March 3, 2017, http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/feature/civil-war-innovations/, par. 3. [26] David Hollis, The Impact of Railroads on Warfare During the American Civil War, Tocwoc, last modified February 16, 2010, http://www.brettschulte.net/CWBlog/2010/02/16/the-impact-of-railroads-on-warfare-during-the-american-civil-war/, par. 6. [27] Ibid., par. 7. [28] Civil War Innovations, PBS, accessed March 3, 2017, http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/feature/civil-war-innovations/, par. 4. [29] Rebecca Brooks, Civil War Photography, Civil War Saga, Last modified August 9, 2011, http://civilwarsaga.com/civil-war-photography/, par. 1. [30] Ibid. [31] Ibid., par. 4. [32] Ibid., par. 7. [33] Ibid., par. 6. [34] Photography and the Civil War, Civil War Trust, accessed March 3, 2017, http://www.civilwar.org/photos/3d-photography-special/photography-and-the-civil-war.html, par. 12.

The Effectiveness of Composting in Protecting the Environment Essay

As of recently, there has been an ever-growing buzz regarding the environment and being sustainable, and we need to embrace this movement. As the population grows, our demands on Earth’s resources grow, and this current rate is not sustainable. Barring any change, we will not have enough freshwater and natural resources to support our society in the near future. Each day, we incur more and more damage through the demands of consumerism, and this must come to an end. We must, as a society, take it upon ourselves to make individual changes which will potentially be the start of a global shift to a sustainable lifestyle. Our conscious decisions and actions will determine the future health of our planet. Right now is the time we can make a difference for the future. One conscious decision that we can make to save the environment for future generations is to compost. Composting is a process that converts organic waste into a useful product that can be used as a soil fertilizer. Compost is actually one of nature’s best mulches and soil amendments, and it can be used as a substitute for artificial fertilizers (â€Å"Evanston†¦Ã¢â‚¬  2). Compost is created by first collecting organic scraps that would normally be thrown away, such as yard trimmings and food scraps. These materials are then left in a controlled environment that is ideal for natural decomposition. This environment can be created in a special composting bin or even in a pile in your backyard. After allowing your pile to decompose for a few months, your compost is ready to be used as a fertilizer in your garden. Figure 1: Man holding a pile of compost Figure 2: Inputs and outputs of the composting process Source: â€Å"Composting† Source: Starbuck – â€Å"Making and ... ...Are Plastic Grocery Bags Sacking the Environment?." . National Geographic, 02 Sep 2003. Web. 25 Jan 2012. . Starbuck, Christopher, ed. "Making and Using Compost." . University of Missouri, Apr 2010. Web. 26 Jan 2012. . Stewart, Kate. "Re: Composting Questions." Message to Edward Pang. 23 Jan 2012. E-mail. United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Analysis of Composting As an Environmental Remediation Technology. 1998. Web. . United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2010. 2011. Web. . The Effectiveness of Composting in Protecting the Environment Essay As of recently, there has been an ever-growing buzz regarding the environment and being sustainable, and we need to embrace this movement. As the population grows, our demands on Earth’s resources grow, and this current rate is not sustainable. Barring any change, we will not have enough freshwater and natural resources to support our society in the near future. Each day, we incur more and more damage through the demands of consumerism, and this must come to an end. We must, as a society, take it upon ourselves to make individual changes which will potentially be the start of a global shift to a sustainable lifestyle. Our conscious decisions and actions will determine the future health of our planet. Right now is the time we can make a difference for the future. One conscious decision that we can make to save the environment for future generations is to compost. Composting is a process that converts organic waste into a useful product that can be used as a soil fertilizer. Compost is actually one of nature’s best mulches and soil amendments, and it can be used as a substitute for artificial fertilizers (â€Å"Evanston†¦Ã¢â‚¬  2). Compost is created by first collecting organic scraps that would normally be thrown away, such as yard trimmings and food scraps. These materials are then left in a controlled environment that is ideal for natural decomposition. This environment can be created in a special composting bin or even in a pile in your backyard. After allowing your pile to decompose for a few months, your compost is ready to be used as a fertilizer in your garden. Figure 1: Man holding a pile of compost Figure 2: Inputs and outputs of the composting process Source: â€Å"Composting† Source: Starbuck – â€Å"Making and ... ...Are Plastic Grocery Bags Sacking the Environment?." . National Geographic, 02 Sep 2003. Web. 25 Jan 2012. . Starbuck, Christopher, ed. "Making and Using Compost." . University of Missouri, Apr 2010. Web. 26 Jan 2012. . Stewart, Kate. "Re: Composting Questions." Message to Edward Pang. 23 Jan 2012. E-mail. United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Analysis of Composting As an Environmental Remediation Technology. 1998. Web. . United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2010. 2011. Web. .

Creating Customer Value: General Concept Questions

Chapter 5: Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction, and Loyalty GENERAL CONCEPT QUESTIONS Multiple Choice 1. ________ are adept at building customer relationships, not just products; they are skilled in market engineering, not just product engineering. a. Profit-centered companies b. Customer-centered companies c. Production-centered companies d. Sales-centered companies e. Promotion-centered companies Answer: bPage: 119Difficulty: EasyAACSB: Reflective Thinking 2. The opening vignette on Ritz-Carlton shows that successful marketers are the ones that fully ________. a. understand promotional strategy b. diversify their product line . divorce themselves from a production mentality d. satisfy their customers profitably e. understand the sales concept Answer: dPage: 120Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking 3. In the modern customer-oriented organizational chart, which of the following is considered to be at the top of the organizational pyramid? a. Sales b. The president c. Front-line people d. Customers e. Middle management Answer: dPage: 121Difficulty: Medium 4. ________ is the difference between the prospective customer’s evaluation of all the benefits and all the costs of an offering and the perceived alternatives. a. Perceived usefulness . Failure avoidance rate c. Report rating d. Customer-perceived value e. Competitors’ market share rate Answer: dPage: 121Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills 5. Total customer benefit is the perceived monetary value of the bundle of economic, functional, and ________ benefits customers expect from a given market offering. a. psychological b. intangible c. realized d. fabricated e. advertised Answer: aPage: 121Difficulty: HardAACSB: Analytic Skills 6. The bundle of costs customers expect to incur in evaluating, obtaining, using, and disposing of the given market offering is called the ________. a. rganizational expense ratio b. shopper’s fatigue c. total customer cost d. analysis paralysis e. comparison shopping to comparison buying ratio Answer: cPage: 121Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Analytic Skills 7. In applying a customer’s perceived value to a decision, a seller who is at a disadvantage with respect to customer-perceived value has two alternatives: to increase total customer benefit or ________. a. increase a cash-back bonus b. decrease total customer cost c. lose the sale to the competitor d. advertise more frequently e. offer an extended warranty Answer: bPage: 123Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Analytic Skills 8. The final step of customer value analysis is to ________. a. identify the major attributes and benefits that customers value b. assess the company’s and competitors’ performances on the different customer values against their rated importance c. examine how customers in a specific segment rate the company’s performance against a specific major competitor on an individual attribute or benefit basis d. monitor customer values over time e. assess the quantitative importance of the different attributes and benefits Answer: dPage: 122Difficulty: Medium 9.The ________ consists of the whole cluster of benefits the company promises to deliver; it is more than the core positioning of the offering. a. customer promise b. mission statement c. corporate pledge d. corporate-perceived value e. value proposition Answer: ePage: 123Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Analytic Skills 10. A company’s ________ includes all the experiences the customer will have on the way to obtaining and using the offering. a. value proposition b. value delivery system c. customer-value analysis d. total customer benefit e. total customer cost Answer: bPage: 123Difficulty: EasyAACSB: Analytic Skills 11. Total customer satisfaction is measured based on the relationship of ________. a. anticipated and real performance b. perceived performance and expectation c. advertised outcomes and real outcomes d. past experience and present experience e. customer attitude and salesperson’s attitude Answer: bPage: 124Difficulty: HardAACSB: Reflective Thinking 12. The ultimate goal of the customer-centered firm is ________. a. high customer satisfaction b. high profits c. low costs d. maximum stakeholder satisfaction e. none of the above Answer: ePages: 124–125Difficulty: HardAACSB: Reflective Thinking 13.Buyers form their expectations from all of the following EXCEPT ________. a. past buying experience b. friends and associates advice c. marketers’ information d. competitors’ information e. governmental newsletters Answer: ePage: 125Difficulty: EasyAACSB: Analytic Skills 14. A customer’s decision to be loyal or to defect is the sum of many small encounters with the company. In order for all these small encounters to add up to customer loyalty, many companies, such as Joie de Vivre Hospitality, strive to create ________. a. a reward program b. a comprehensive customer database c. a branded customer experience . strong word-of-mouth promotions e. a top-notch advertising campaign Answer: cPage: 125Difficulty: HardAACSB: Reflective Thinking 15. One key to customer retention is ________. It would be wise for a company to measure this factor frequently. a. heavy promotion b. deep discounts for intermediaries c. to have an ethics officer d. customer satisfaction e. to have customers on the board of directors Answer: dPage: 125Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Reflective Thinking 16. ________ can track customer satisfaction directly and also gauge consumers’ willingness to recommend the company and brand to others. . Periodic surveys b. Mystery shoppers c. Customer loss rates d. Customer focus statements e. All of the above Answer: aPage: 126Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills 17. Studies of customer dissatisfaction show that customers are dissatisfied with their purchases about 25% of the time, but only about ________ complain. a. 1% b. 5% c. 10% d. 15% e. 20% Answer: bPage: 128Difficulty: Hard 18. Of customers who register a complaint, ________. a. the majority will do business with the company again because they are unwilling to dedicate the effort required to find another vendor b. one will do business with the company again c. customers whose complaints are satisfactorily resolved spread more word of mouth than those who continue to be dissatisfied d. the speed of resolution has no impact on the likelihood of repeat business e. between approximately half and three-quarters will do business with the company again if their complaint is resolved Answer: ePage: 129Difficulty: Hard 19. ________ is the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. a. Performance b. Value c. Quality d. Customer retention e. Ð ¡ustomer loyalty Answer: cPage: 129Difficulty: EasyAACSB: Analytic Skills20. Total quality is the key to value creation and customer satisfaction. A marketing manager has several roles to play in a quality-centered company, including ________. a. participating in cross-functional team building b. correctly identifying customers’ needs and requirements c. ensuring costs are adequately controlled during order fulfillment d. setting expectations both internally and externally e. working closely with the sales team to create a dynamic sales message Answer: bPage: 130Difficulty: HardAACSB: Analytic Skills21. The 20–80 rule reflects the idea that ________. a. the top 20% of customers often generate 80% of the company’s profits b. the top 20% of customers are highl y satisfied and 80% of customers will recommend the company to a friend c. 20% of customers are unprofitable, and 80% make up a company’s profits d. 20% of the company’s profits are generated by the top 80% of customers e. any new product offering will be accepted by 20% of the customers immediately, but 80% of the customers will be up for grabs throughout the product’s life cycle Answer: aPage: 130Difficulty: HardAACSB: Analytic Skills22. Most companies have learned that the ________ are often the most profitable because of service expectations and their willingness to pay almost full price. a. large-size customers b. midsize customers c. small-size customers d. niche customers e. target market customers Answer: bPage: 130Difficulty: Medium23. A(n) ________ customer is a person, household, or company that over time yields a revenue stream that exceeds by an acceptable amount the company’s cost stream of attracting, selling, and servicing that customer. a . profitable b. semiprofitable c. unprofitable d. niche e. target Answer: aPages: 130–131Difficulty: EasyAACSB: Analytic Skills24. Customer profitability analysis (CPA) is best conducted with the tools of an accounting technique called ________. a. input-output analysis b. factor analysis c. revenue-based costing (RBC) d. activity-based costing (ABC) e. future date costing (FDC) Answer: dPage: 131Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Reflective Thinking25. ________ describes the net present value of the stream of future profits expected over the customer’s lifetime purchases. a. Activity-based costing b. Customer profitability analysis c. Customer value analysis . Customer-perceived value e. Customer lifetime value Answer: ePage: 132Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills26. The aim of customer relationship management (CRM) is to produce high customer ________. a. value b. loyalty c. profitability d. satisfaction e. equity Answer: bPage: 133Difficulty: Medium27. A customer touch point in the airline industry would include an item such as ________. a. reservations b. mechanics’ ability to service the airplanes c. ease of access to the airport d. the value of air travel versus surface transportation e. competency of a travel agent Answer: aPage: 133Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Reflective Thinking28. Customer relationship management enables companies to provide excellent real-time customer service through the effective use of _______. a. reports from mystery shoppers b. survey data from customers who have defected c. market research into overall consumption trends d. individual account information e. demographic trend data Answer: dPage: 135Difficulty: HardAACSB: Reflective Thinking29. All of the following would be among the Peppers and Rogers’s four-step framework for one-to-one marketing that can be adapted to CRM marketing EXCEPT ________. . customizing products, services, and messages to each customer b. interacting with individual customers to l earn their needs c. always offering the lowest price d. differentiating customers in terms of their needs and value to the company e. identifying your prospects and customers Answer: cPage: 135Difficulty: HardAACSB: Analytic Skills30. Winning companies improve the value of their customer base by excelling at each of the following strategies EXCEPT ________. a. retaining all customers regardless of profitability b. reducing the rate of customer defection c. ncreasing the longevity of the customer relationship d. making low-profit customers more profitable or terminating them e. focusing disproportionate efforts on high-value customers Answer: aPage: 136Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Reflective Thinking31. Harley-Davidson sells more than motorcycles and accessories. Its dealerships also sell branded clothing and licensed goods. This expansion of dealership sales offerings is an attempt to increase the value of the customer base by ________. a. reducing the rate of customer defection b. incr easing the longevity of the customer relationship . enhancing the growth potential of each customer through cross-selling d. making low-profit customers more profitable e. terminating low-profit customers Answer: cPage: 136Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking32. Although actual costs vary from business to business depending on the complexity of the sales process, the most expensive customer acquisition method based on cost per solicitation is ________. a. personal selling b. direct mail c. telemarketing d. banner advertisements e. e-mail Answer: aPage: 137Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Analytic Skills33.Another term for high customer ________ is customer churn. a. retention b. defection c. value d. perception e. belief Answer: bPage: 137Difficulty: EasyAACSB: Analytic Skills34. People with the motivation, ability, and opportunity to make a purchase are known as ________. a. potentials b. advocates c. members d. prospects e. partners Answer: dPage: 137Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Ana lytic Skills35. Customers who enthusiastically recommend the company and its products and services to others are known as ________. a. potentials b. advocates c. members d. prospects e. partners Answer: bPage: 137Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills36. Satisfied customers constitute the company’s ________. a. customer relationship capital b. customer churn c. prospects d. high-value customers e. customer touch points Answer: aPage: 138Difficulty: Medium37. Acquiring new customers can cost ________ times more than satisfying and retaining current customers. a. two b. three c. five d. seven e. 10 Answer: cPage: 138Difficulty: Hard38. All of the following are methods to form strong customer bonds EXCEPT ________. a. creating superior products, services, and experiences for the target market b. aking it easy for customers to reach the appropriate company personnel and express their needs, perceptions, and complaints c. organizing and making accessible a database of informati on on individual customer needs, preferences, contacts, purchase frequency, and satisfaction d. running award programs recognizing outstanding employees e. concentrating the planning and management of the customer satisfaction and retention process within the marketing department Answer: ePage: 138Difficulty: HardAACSB: Reflective Thinking39. When companies provide rewards to customers who buy frequently and in ubstantial amounts, this is referred to as ________. a. benefit programs b. frequency programs c. satisfaction programs d. loyalty programs e. quality programs Answer: bPage: 139Difficulty: EasyAACSB: Analytic Skills40. Typically, ________ gains the most benefit from introducing a frequency program. a. the first company to introduce a frequency program in an industry b. the fast follower, who is second to introduce a frequency program in an industry, c. the industry sales leader d. the niche player in the industry e. the low-cost leader in the industry Answer: aPage: 140Diffi culty: MediumAACSB: Reflective Thinking41. All of the following are CRM imperatives EXCEPT ________. a. acquiring the right customer b. crafting the right value proposition c. instituting the best processes d. motivating employees e. learning to make profits through marginal customers Answer: ePage: 141Difficulty: HardAACSB: Analytic Skills42. CRM technology can help motivate employees by ________. a. analyzing customer revenue and cost data to identify current and future high-value customers b. better targeting the company’s direct marketing efforts c. racking customer-service satisfaction levels d. aligning employee incentives and metrics e. developing new pricing models Answer: dPage: 141Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Reflective Thinking43. According to Stanford’s business guru Jeffery Pfeffer, â€Å"the best companies build cultures in which frontline people ________. † a. can refer serious problems to senior management b. have strictly limited freedom to deviate f rom standard operating procedures c. are also consumers of the company’s products d. are empowered to do what’s needed to take care of the customer e. ive in the communities they serve Answer: dPage: 142Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking44. An organized collection of comprehensive information about individual customers or prospects that is current, accessible, and actionable for such marketing purposes as lead generation, lead qualification, sale of a product or service, or maintenance of customer relationships is called ________. a. a customer database b. a customer mail list c. target market segments d. customer segments e. relationship markets Answer: aPages: 142–143Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Analytic Skills45.The process of building, maintaining, and using customer databases and other databases for the purpose of contacting, transacting, and building customer relationships is called ________. a. data warehousing b. datamining c. database marketing d . custom marketing e. electronic marketing Answer: cPage: 143Difficulty: EasyAACSB: Analytic Skills46. A _____________ is simply a set of names, addresses, and telephone numbers. a. customer database b. customer mailing list c. call-waiting list d. psychographic list e. demographic list Answer: bPage: 143Difficulty: Easy47. A customer database should contain all of the following EXCEPT ________. a. customer’s past purchases b. demographics c. psychographics d. mediagraphics e. an assessment of competitive strengths and weaknesses Answer: ePage: 143Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Reflective Skills48. A ________ would contain such items as past volumes, prices, profits, buyer, status of current contacts, and an assessment of competitive strengths and weaknesses. a. customer mailing list b. contact list c. customer database d. business database e. general corporate database Answer: dPage: 143Difficulty: EasyAACSB: Analytic Skills49. Savvy companies are capturing information every time a customer comes into contact with any of its departments. As a marketing manager all of the following would be available customer touch points for your consideration EXCEPT ________. a. a customer purchase b. an online query c. a mail-in rebate card d. an ad run on a national television network e. a customer-requested service call Answer: dPage: 143Difficulty: Medium50. Using his company’s ________ lets a telemarketer respond to customer inquiries more effectively because he or she can see a total picture of the customer relationship. a. data warehouse b. call back list c. call rejection list d. corporate database e. Better Business Bureau contacts Answer: aPage: 143Difficulty: Medium51. Through ________, marketing statisticians can extract useful information about individuals, trends, and segments from the mass of data. a. data accumulation b. target market information supplied by the government c. datamining d. data management e. data marketing Answer: cPage: 143Difficulty : MediumAACSB: Analytic Skills52. ________ involves the use of sophisticated statistical and mathematical techniques such as cluster analysis, automatic interaction detection, predictive modeling, and neural networking. a. Data management b. Data marketing c. Target market analysis d. Data accumulation e. Datamining Answer: ePage: 143Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Analytic Skills53. In general, companies can use their databases in all of the following ways EXCEPT ________. a. to predict competitive strategies and plans b. to identify prospects c. to decide which customers should receive a particular offer d. to deepen customer loyalty e. to avoid serious customer mistakes Answer: aPages: 143–145Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Analytic Skills54. Susan Lefferts’ company advertises widely. Ms. Lefferts uses business reply cards attached to her company’s magazine ads to build her company’s database. In which of the following ways would Ms. Lefferts most likely use the dat abase? a. To deepen customer loyalty b. To reactivate customer purchases c. To avoid serious customer mistakes d. To determine if up-selling is appropriate e. To identify prospects Answer: ePage: 143Difficulty: HardAACSB: Reflective Thinking55. Phil Langston has just ordered a number of expensive executive gifts that he will be sending as an appreciation token to a select few customers from his client database. In which of the following ways is Mr. Langston most likely using his database? a. To identify prospects b. To decide which customers should receive a new sales offer c. To deepen customer loyalty . To avoid serious customer mistakes e. To beat the competition to a sale Answer: cPage: 145Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Reflective Thinking56. Royal Caribbean uses its ________ to offer spur-of-the-moment cruise packages to fill all the berths on its ships. It focuses on retired people and single people because they are more able to make quick commitments. a. advertising b. database c. mail catalogs d. public relations department e. radio advertising Answer: bPage: 145Difficulty: Easy57. Which of the following is considered to be one of the four problems that can deter a firm from using CRM (customer relationship marketing)? . Competitors can often hack into CRM systems. b. Building and maintaining a customer database requires a large investment. c. It is very difficult to find and train database employees. d. Long-term results of such systems are still unproven. e. Focusing too much on databases separates a company from its customers. Answer: bPage: 145Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Reflective Thinking58. Building a database would not be worthwhile for a company in all of the following cases EXCEPT ________. a. where the product is a one-in-a-lifetime purchase b. where customers show little loyalty to a brand c. here the company already has an above average relationship with its customers d. where the unit sale is very small e. where the cost of gathering the informati on is too high Answer: cPages: 145–146Difficulty: Hard59. All of the following are examples of the perils of CRM EXCEPT ________. a. implementing CRM before creating a customer strategy b. the enormous cost that might eventually drain significant profits from the organization c. rolling out CRM before changing the organization to match d. assuming more CRM technology is better e. stalking, not wooing, customers Answer: bPage: 146Difficulty: Medium60.Marketers from which of the following are most likely to use database marketing? a. An airline b. A candy bar manufacturer c. A grand piano maker d. A toothpaste manufacturer e. None of the above would use database marketing. Answer: aPage: 146Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking True/False61. Managers who believe the customer is the company’s only true â€Å"profit center† consider the traditional organization chart to be obsolete. Answer: TruePage: 120Difficulty: Easy62. The modern customer-oriented organi zation chart places top management at the top of the pyramid as long as they can think like consumers. Answer: FalsePage: 120Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking63. There are two determinates of customer-perceived value: total customer benefit and total customer cost. Answer: TruePage: 121Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills64. Customer-perceived value is the perceived monetary value of all the purchases a customer makes on an annual basis. Answer: FalsePage: 121Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills65. Consumers tend to be value maximizes—they estimate which offer will deliver the most perceived value and act on it. Answer: TruePage: 121Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Analytic Skills66. At the heart of a good value delivery system is a set of core business processes that help to deliver distinctive customer value. Answer: TruePage: 123Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Analytic Skills67. Professional buyers and purchasing agents operate under various constraints and occasional ly make choices that give more weight to their personal benefit than to the company’s benefit. Answer: TruePage: 123Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking68. The value proposition is stated in the price of a product and readily recognized by the average consumer. Answer: FalsePage: 123Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills69. The value delivery system includes all the experiences the customer will have on the way to obtaining and using the offering. Answer: TruePage: 123Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills70. For a consumer to be delighted with a product or service he or she must perceive that performance exceeds expectations. Answer: TruePage: 124Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Analytic Skills71. The ultimate goal of the customer-centered firm is to create high customer satisfaction. Answer: FalsePage: 124Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Reflective Thinking72.One key to customer retention is customer satisfaction. Answer: TruePage: 125Difficulty: Easy73. Consumers’ expe ctations result exclusively from past buying experiences. Answer: FalsePage: 125Difficulty: Medium74. A highly satisfied customer generally stays loyal longer, pays less attention to competing brands, and is less sensitive to price. Answer: TruePage: 125Difficulty: Medium75. Price perception is the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. Answer: FalsePage: 129Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills76. Conformance quality and performance quality is essentially the same thing in a marketing sense. Answer: FalsePage: 129Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills77. Two products with very different performance qualities can have the same conformance quality if both products deliver their respective promised quality. Answer: TruePage: 129Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Analytic Skills78. Marketers have found that pricing plays the most essential role in defining and delivering high-quality goods and services t o target customers. Answer: FalsePage: 130Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Reflective Thinking79.The midsize customers for most organizations receive good service, pay nearly full price for the products and services they purchase, and are often the most profitable. Answer: TruePage: 130Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking80. A profitable customer is a person, household, or company that over time yields a revenue stream that exceeds by an acceptable amount the company’s cost stream of attracting, selling, and servicing the customer. Answer: TruePages: 130–131Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills81. The best thing a company can do in the face of company mistakes is to discourage the customer from complaining. Answer: FalsePage: 129Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Reflective Thinking82. Quality is the key to value creation and customer satisfaction. Answer: TruePage: 130Difficulty: Medium83. The least profitable 10% to 20% of customers can reduce profits by 50% to 200% per acc ount. Answer: TruePage: 130Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills84. Most companies measure customer satisfaction and individual customer profitability. Answer: FalsePage: 131Difficulty: Medium85. Unprofitable customers who defect to a competitor should be encouraged to do so. Answer: TruePage: 131Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking86. Customer profitability analysis (CPA) is best conducted with the tools of an accounting technique called activity-based costing (ABC). Answer: TruePage: 131Difficulty: Medium87. According to customer profitability analysis (CPA), platinum customers spend the most money with the organization, thereby making them valuable. Answer: FalsePage: 131Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Analytic Skills88. Customer lifetime value (CLV) describes the net present value of the stream of future profits expected over the customer’s lifetime purchases. Answer: TruePage: 132Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills89. A good illustration of a personal touch in the hotel business would be if the hotel employees (e. g. , registration, maid service, et cetera) call a guest by his or her name. Answer: TruePage: 133Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Reflective Thinking90. A customer touch point is the time when the customer makes a purchase. Answer: FalsePage: 133Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills91. The aim of customer relationship management is to keep the costs of meeting and tracking consumers as low as possible. Answer: FalsePage: 133Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking92.All companies should practice one-to-one marketing. Answer: FalsePage: 135Difficulty: Medium93. A key driver of shareholder value is the aggregate value of the customer base. Answer: TruePage: 136Difficulty: Medium94. Customer churn is how rapidly a store can move customers through its checkout facility or process. Answer: FalsePage: 137Difficulty: Medium95. The average company loses 25% of its customers each year. Answer: FalsePage: 138Difficulty: HardAACSB: Analy tic Skills96. A customer database is simply a listing of a customer’s name, address, and phone number for credit reference.Answer: FalsePages: 142–143Difficulty: Easy97. It’s often easier to reattract ex-customers (because the company knows their names and histories) than to find new ones. Answer: TruePage: 142Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking98. Cluster analysis is a good example of a statistical technique that might be employed in datamining. Answer: TruePage: 143Difficulty: MediumAACSB: Analytic Skills99. It always costs less to serve loyal customers than to attract new ones. Answer: FalsePage: 146Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills100.Database marketing is most frequently used by business marketers and service providers (hotels, banks, airlines, and insurance, credit card, and telephone companies) that normally and easily collect a lot of customer data. Answer: TruePage: 146Difficulty: Medium Essay101. Compare and contrast the traditional o rganization chart for an organization against the modern customer-oriented organization chart. Suggested Answer: For a visual comparison, see Figure 5. 1. With respect to a written description, students should note that the modern customer-oriented organization chart is inverted (see the traditional model [e. g. top management—middle management—frontline people—customers]). Customers are at the top, followed by frontline people, then middle management, and, lastly, top management. Students might also provide some discussion on why the inversion is beneficial. Pages: 120–121Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills102. Provide a customer-centered definition of the term quality. Suggested Answer: Quality is the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on the ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. This is clearly a customer-centered definition. Page: 129Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Reflective Thinking103.Differentiate betwee n performance quality and conformance quality. Give an example of two products that have different performance quality but are of equal conformance quality. Suggested Answer: Performance quality is the quality of the product’s attributes. Conformance quality is the extent to which the product delivers the performance quality promised to consumers. A Lexus provides higher performance quality than a Hyundai: The Lexus rides smoother, goes faster, and lasts longer. Yet both would deliver the same conformance quality if both delivered their respective promised quality. Page: 129Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Analytic Skills104. The case for maximizing long-term customer profitability is captured in the concept of customer lifetime value. How is customer lifetime value calculated? Suggested Answer: Customer lifetime value describes the net present value of the stream of future profits expected over the customer’s lifetime purchases. The company must subtract from its expected reve nues the expected costs of attracting, selling, and servicing the account for that customer, applying the appropriate discount rate (depending on cost of capital and risk attitudes). Page: 132Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Analytic Skills105.Peppers and Rogers outline a four-step framework for one-to-one marketing that can be adapted to CRM marketing. What are those four steps? Suggested Answer: The four steps are: (1) Identify your prospects and customers; (2) differentiate customers in terms of their needs and their value to your company; (3) interact with individual customers to improve your knowledge about their individual needs and to build stronger relationships; and (4) customize products, services, and messages to each customer. Page: 135Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Analytic Skills106. A key driver of shareholder value is the aggregate value of the customer base. Identify the five strategies employed by winning companies to improve the value of their customer base. Suggested Answer: Win ning companies improve the value of their customer base by excelling at the following five strategies: (1) reducing the rate of customer defection; (2) increasing the longevity of the customer relationship; (3) enhancing the growth potential of each customer through â€Å"share-of-wallet,† cross-selling, and up-selling; (4) making low-profit customers more profitable or terminating them; and (5) focusing disproportionate effort on high-value customers. Page: 136Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Reflective Thinking107. Today, companies are increasingly concerned about customer defection. There are three main steps a company can take to reduce the defection rate. Characterize those three steps. Suggested Answer: The three steps are: (1) The company must define and measure its retention rate; (2) the company must distinguish the causes of customer attrition and identify those that can be managed better; and (3) the company must compare the lost profit equal to the customer lifetime value from a lost customer to the costs to reduce the defection rate. Page: 137Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Analytic Skills108. Discuss the concepts of a data warehouse and datamining. Suggested Answer: Data are collected by the company’s contact center and organized into a data warehouse. Company personnel can capture, query, and analyze the data. Inferences can be drawn about an individual customer’s needs and responses. Through datamining, marketing statisticians can extract useful information about individuals, trends, and segments from the mass of data. Datamining involves the use of sophisticated statistical and mathematical techniques. Page: 143Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills109.Assume that a marketing manager of a small company is in the process of implementing the use of a database to assist his or her company in its marketing efforts. Considering the information found in the text, list five ways that the marketing manager might be able to use the database for marketing efforts. Suggested Answer: Five ways to use a database for marketing efforts include: (1) to identify prospects; (2) to decide which customers should receive a particular offer; (3) to deepen customer loyalty; (4) to reactivate customer purchases; and (5) to avoid serious customer mistakes. Pages: 143–-145Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking110. Describe four situations or cases when building a customer database would not be worthwhile for a company. Suggested Answer: Four situations or cases when building a customer database would not be worthwhile for a company would be: (1) where the product is a once-in-a-lifetime purchase; (2) where customers show little loyalty to a brand; (3) where the unit sale is very small; and (4) where the cost of gathering information is too high. Pages: 145–146Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective ThinkingAPPLICATION QUESTIONS Multiple Choice111. John Chambers, CEO of Cisco Systems, said, â€Å"Make your customer the ce nter of your culture. † Customer-centered companies are adept at building customer relationships, not just producing products; they are skilled in ________, not just product engineering. a. service engineering b. market engineering c. cultural engineering d. innovation engineering e. management engineering Answer: bPage: 119Difficulty: Medium112. Immediately below the customers in a modern customer-oriented organization chart, we would expect to find the ________ of an organization. . top management b. marketing department c. middle management d. frontline people e. service department Answer: dPage: 121Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Analytic Skills113. All of the following are considered to be customer costs EXCEPT ________. a. financial cost of acquiring the product b. financial cost of disposing of the product c. time spent acquiring the product d. the risk of social stigma associated with acquiring the product e. All of the above are considered to be customer costs. Answer: ePage: 121Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking114.When a consumer considers a product or service, he or she will choose whichever product or service delivers the highest ________. a. customer-perceived value b. customer-perceived cost c. consumer discount d. consumer relationship e. consumer synergy Answer: aPage: 121Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills115. Buyers do not always make logical or rational decisions. They might purchase the most expensive and least quality item for example. Which of the following would be another good example of this behavior? a. The buyer is not seen by the seller as being very intelligent. b. The buyer might be under orders to buy at the lowest price. . The buyer might be underage. d. The buyer might be under pressure to resist sales messages. e. The buyer refuses to listen to or read any advertising. Answer: bPage: 123Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking116. If a company were to focus its marketing efforts on all the experiences the customer will have on the way to obtaining and using the offering, it would be focusing its marketing efforts on the customer’s ________. a. perception system b. cost versus benefit system c. demand d. psychological system e. value delivery system Answer: ePage: 123Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills117. _______ is defined as â€Å"a deeply held commitment to rebuy or repatronize a preferred product or service in the future despite situational influences and marketing efforts having the potential to cause switching behavior. † a. Customer satisfaction b. Customer value c. Loyalty d. Customer profitability e. Quality Answer: cPage: 123Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills118. Whether the buyer is satisfied after purchase depends on the offer’s performance in relation to the ________. a. buyer’s reactions b. buyer’s expectations c. seller’s delivery d. seller’s expectations e. both the buyer’s and seller’s demand s Answer: bPage: 124Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills119. Buyers form expectations in all of the following ways EXCEPT ________. a. from past buying experience b. from friends’ and associates’ advice c. from marketers’ information d. from competitors’ information e. from inherited traits Answer: ePage: 125Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Analytic Skills120. Field Grocery is considering using _________ to pose as customers and report on strong and weak points in customer service at Field Grocery stores. a. intelligence agents b. covert operatives c. mystery shoppers d. market mavens e. opinion leaders Answer: cPage: 126Difficulty: Easy121. 3M makes it easy for dialog to occur with its customers. 3M claims that over two-thirds of its product-improvement ideas come from listening to ________. a. customer suggestions b. entrepreneurial product ideas c. customer complaints d. media feedback e. customer reactions to competitive products Answer: cPage: 129Difficu lty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills122. According to GE’s former chairman, John F. Welch Jr. , â€Å"________ is our best assurance of customer allegiance, our strongest defense against foreign competition, and the only path to sustained growth and earnings. † a. Quality b. Customer satisfaction c. True value d. Sustainable enterprise e. Motivation Answer: aPage: 129Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Analytic Skills123. With respect to customer profitability analysis, ________ customers are the most likely dropped as customers because of poor profitability. a. granite b. wood c. iron d. plastic e. lead Answer: ePage: 131Difficulty: Medium124. Jim is a residential construction contractor. Although one particular realtor provides Jim with a large volume of work, the realtor frequently demands discounts for sending him customers. This realtor is best described as a(n) ________ customer. a. latinum b. gold c. lead d. iron e. ivory Answer: dPage: 131Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking125. Harrah’s has used effective ________ to almost double its share of customers’ gaming budgets by targeting offers to specific customer segments. a. customer relationship management b. customer lifetime value c. customer profitability analysis d. customer satisfaction analysis e. customer-value delivery Answer: aPage: 135Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills126. Many banks and phone companies now charge fees for once-free services to ensure minimum customer revenue levels. This is an example of ________. . reducing the rate of customer defection b. making low-profit customers more profitable c. enhancing the growth potential for each customer through cross-selling d. increasing the longevity of the customer relationship e. focusing disproportionate effort on high-value customers Answer: bPage: 136Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking127. When Bob found out his friend was thinking about buying a new car, he strongly recommended that his friend lo ok into the newest line of Ford sedans. Bob is best characterized as a(n) ________ for Ford. a. first-time customer b. member c. partner d. advocate e. rospect Answer: dPage: 137Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking128. Carol is currently considering buying a Motorola cell phone offered by her service provider in conjunction with a two-year service contract. Carol is best characterized as a(n) ________ for Motorola. a. first-time customer b. member c. partner d. advocate e. prospect Answer: ePage: 137Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking129. Southwest Airlines offers a Rapid Rewards program, an example of a ________ that allows customers to count flights they have taken toward free future flights. a. value proposition b. value delivery system c. lub membership program d. one-to-one marketing program e. customer churn Answer: cPage: 140Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Analytic Skills130. The skillful use of database marketing and ________ has made catalog house Fingerhut one o f the nation’s largest direct-mail marketers. a. everyday low prices b. expanded home delivery options c. relationship building d. competitor’s mistakes e. retailer alliances Answer: cPage: 145Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Analytic Skills Short Answer131. What do modern managers believe is their company’s only true â€Å"profit center†? Suggested Answer: Managers believe the customer is their only true profit center. Page: 120Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Analytic Skills132. Customer-perceived value is based on two components. What are those components? Suggested Answer: The two components of customer-perceived value are total customer value and total customer cost. Page: 121Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills133. What is the definition for customer-perceived value (CPV)? Suggested Answer: Customer-perceived value (CPV) is the difference between prospective customer’s evaluation of all the benefits and all the costs of an offering and the perceived alter natives. Page: 121Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills134. Using European automobile giant Volvo as your illustration, create a value proposition for the company. Suggested Answer: Students may have several answers; however, any value proposition must be built on their stated positioning objective of â€Å"safety. † Other benefits that might be worked into a value proposition could be a long-lasting car, good service, and a long warranty period. Basically, the value proposition is a statement about the total experience customers will gain from the company’s market offering and from their relationship with the supplier. Page: 123Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking135. How do customers determine their level of satisfaction with a product? Suggested Answer: In general, satisfaction is a person’s feelings of pleasure or disappointment that result from comparing a product’s perceived performance to the customer’s expectations. Page: 124Di fficulty: Easy AACSB: Reflective Thinking136. Give an example of a â€Å"branded customer experience. † Suggested Answer: Students may have several answers. One example from the book is that of Joie de Vivre Hospitality Inc, which operates a chain of boutique hotels, restaurants, and resorts in the San Francisco area. The boutique concept enables hotels to offer personal touches, such as vitamins in place of chocolates on pillows. Page: 125Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Reflective Thinking137. Companies need to be especially concerned today with their customer satisfaction level. Why? Suggested Answer: Companies need to be especially concerned today with their customer satisfaction level because the Internet provides a tool for consumers to quickly spread bad word of mouth to the rest of the world. Page: 126Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Reflective Thinking138. Identify three ways companies with customer complaints can recover customer goodwill. Suggested Answer: Five methods are identifie d in the text. Students should present three of the following: (1) Set up a 24/7 toll-free â€Å"hotline† to receive and act on customer complaints; (2) contact the complaining customer as quickly as possible; (3) accept responsibility for the customer’s disappointment; (4) use customer-service people who are empathic; and (5) resolve the complaint swiftly and to the customer’s satisfaction. Page: 129Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills139.Define the term quality. Suggested Answer: Quality is the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. Page: 129Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Analytic Skills140. What are the three ways that customer profitability can be assessed? Suggested Answer: Customer profitability can be assessed individually, by market segment, or by channel. Page: 131Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills141. What are the four classifications (tiers) of customers in cus tomer profitability analysis using activity-based costing? Suggested Answer: The tiers would be platinum customers (most profitable), gold customers (profitable), iron customers (low profitability but desirable), and lead customers (unprofitable and undesirable). Page: 131Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Analytic Skills142. What is a customer touch point? Suggested Answer: A customer touch point is any occasion on which a customer encounters the brand and product—from actual experience to personal or mass communications to casual observation. Page: 133Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills143. One-to-one marketing is not for every company. For whom does this style of marketing work best? Suggested Answer: One-to-one marketing works best for companies that normally collect a great deal of individual customer information, carry a lot of products that can be cross-sold, carry products that need periodic replacement or upgrading, and sell products of high value. Page: 135Difficulty: Ha rd AACSB: Reflective Thinking144. A 5% reduction in the customer defection rate can increase profits by 25% to 85%, depending on the industry. Explain how this is so. Suggested Answer: Acquiring new customers can cost five times more than satisfying existing customers. Customer profit rate also tends to increase over the life of the retained customer due to increased purchases, referrals, and price premiums and reduced operating costs to service. Page: 138Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking145. Explain how a company frequency program might work. Suggested Answer: Frequency programs are designed to provide rewards to customers who buy frequently and in substantial amounts. Frequency programs acknowledge the validity of the 20–80 rule. Page: 139Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills146. Describe the process of database marketing. Suggested Answer: Database marketing is the process of building, maintaining, and using customer databases and other databases (products, suppliers, resellers) for the purpose of contacting, transacting, and building customer relationships. Page: 143Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills147. How do companies use their databases to identify prospects?Suggested Answer: Many companies generate sales leads by advertising their product or service. The ads generally contain a response feature, such as a business reply card or a toll-free phone number, and the company builds its database from customer responses. It sorts through the database to identify the best prospects, then contacts them by mail, phone, or personal call to convert them into customers. Page: 143Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking148. Give an illustration of how a company can use a customer database to reactivate customer purchases. Suggested Answer: Companies can install automatic mailing programs that send out birthday or anniversary cards, Christmas shopping reminders, or off-season promotions. Other illustrations by students should be in a similar vein. Page: 145Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Reflective Thinking149. One of the main problems that can prevent a firm from effectively using CRM is that some of the assumptions behind CRM may not always hold true. Give an example of one of these assumptions that might not always hold true. Suggested Answer: It may not actually cost less to serve more loyal customers. Page: 146Difficulty: Medium AACSB: Analytic Skills150. According to information provided in the text, what are the four main perils of CRM? Suggested Answer: The four main perils are: (1) implementing CRM before creating a customer strategy; (2) rolling out CRM before changing the organization to match; (3) assuming more CRM technology is better; and (4) stalking, not wooing, customers. Page: 146Difficulty: Hard AACSB: Analytic Skills

The Ethics And Values Of Social Work Social Work Essay Essay Example

The Ethics And Values Of Social Work Social Work Essay Essay Example The Ethics And Values Of Social Work Social Work Essay Essay The Ethics And Values Of Social Work Social Work Essay Essay The end of societal work professionals is for the wellbeing and empowering of those in society who are impoverished, populating in subjugation, and vulnerable. Social workers must besides concentrate on the forces in a individual s environment that are involved in doing and lending to jobs in life conditions. Those people who are assisted by societal workers are referred to as clients. They can be persons, groups, households, or communities. Therefore, societal workers must be attuned to cultural, racial, and cultural differences in people. This will assist set an terminal to favoritism, subjugation, poorness, and other types of societal wrongs. There are six nucleus values on which the societal work profession is based. These are service, societal justness, self-respect, and worth of the individual, importance of human relationships, unity, and competency. These nucleus values are the cardinal rules that a societal worker should utilize in covering with clients and helps steer them in handling the clients with self-respect and regard. The societal workers Code of Ethical motives are at the nucleus of the profession. These moralss are of great importance to all societal work pupils as good. They help in doing sound judgements and determinations when covering with all sections of the population regardless of the clients faith, race, or ethnicity. The six nucleus values of societal work have ethical rules which are the ideals to which each societal worker should endeavor to run into. Service happens when a societal worker uses his or her cognition, values, and accomplishments to assist those in demand. Social justness is when a societal worker efforts societal alteration on behalf of those who ca nt assist themselves. Dignity and worth of the individual is demoing regard to each client irrespective of their societal state of affairs. The importance of human relationships is seen by societal workers in their attempts to progress, regenerate, and better the wellbeing of households, societal groups, and communities. Integrity is acting at all times in a trusting mode. Competence is fundamentally a societal worker cognizing his or her occupation and taking stairss to bettering their professional expertness. Pertinent Ethical motives and Valuess Covering with Worth and Dignity There are several moralss and values that relate to human diverseness and the worth and self-respect of individuals. Employment of these moralss and values are of great importance to the societal worker and the client. They are as follows: 1.02 Self-government Social workers respect and promote the right of clients to self-government and assist clients in their attempts to place and clear up their ends. Social workers may restrict clients right to self-government when, in the societal workers professional judgement, clients actions or possible actions pose a serious, foreseeable, and at hand hazard to themselves or others. 1.03 Informed Consent ( B ) In cases when clients are non literate or have difficulty understanding the primary linguistic communication used in the pattern scene, societal workers should take stairss to guarantee clients comprehension. This may include supplying clients with a elaborate verbal account or set uping for a qualified translator or transcriber whenever possible. ( degree Celsius ) In cases when clients lack the capacity to supply informed consent, societal workers should protect clients involvements by seeking permission signifier an appropriate 3rd party, informing clients consistent with the clients degree of understanding. In such cases societal workers should seek to guarantee that the 3rd party Acts of the Apostless in a mode consistent with clients wants and involvements. Social workers should take sensible stairss to heighten such clients ability to give informed consent. 1.05 Cultural Competence and Social Diversity ( a ) Social workers should understand civilization and its map in human behaviour and society, acknowledging the strengths that exist in all civilizations. ( B ) Social workers should hold a cognition base of their clients civilizations and be able to show competency in the proviso of services that are sensitive to clients civilizations and to differences among people and cultural groups. ( degree Celsius ) Social workers should obtain instruction about and seek to understand the nature of societal diverseness and subjugation with regard to race, ethnicity, national beginning, colour, sex, sexual orientation, gender individuality or look, age, matrimonial position, political belief, faith, in-migration position, and mental or physical disablement. 1.07 Privacy and Confidentiality ( a ) Social workers should esteem clients right to privateness. Social workers should non beg private information signifier clients unless it is indispensable to supplying services or carry oning societal work rating or research. Once private information is shared, criterions of confidentiality apply. ( vitamin D ) Social workers should inform clients, to the extent possible, about the revelation of confidential information and the possible effects, when executable, before the revelation is made. This applies whether societal workers unwrap confidential information on the footing of a legal demand or client consent. ( degree Fahrenheit ) When societal workers provide reding services to households, twosomes, or groups, societal workers should seek understanding among the parties involved refering each person s right to confidentiality and duty to continue the confidentiality of information shared by others. Social workers should inform participants in household, twosomes, or group reding that societal workers can non vouch that all participants will honour such understandings. 1.11 Sexual Harassment Social workers should non sexually harass clients. Sexual torment includes sexual progresss, sexual solicitation, petitions for sexual favours, and other verbal or physical behavior of a sexual nature. 1.12 Derogatory Language Social workers should non utilize derogative linguistic communication in their written or verbal communications to or about clients. Social workers should utilize accurate and respectful linguistic communication in all communications to and about clients. 1.14 Clients Who Lack Decision-Making Capacity When societal workers act on behalf of clients who lack the capacity to do informed determinations, societal workers should take sensible stairss to safeguard the involvements and rights of those clients. 2.01 Respect ( a ) Social workers should handle co-workers with regard and should stand for accurately and reasonably the makings, positions, and duties of co-workers. ( B ) Social workers should avoid indefensible negative unfavorable judgment of co-workers in communications with clients or with other professionals. Unwarranted negative unfavorable judgment may include take downing remarks that refer to co-workers degree of competency or to persons properties such as race, ethnicity, national beginning, colour, sex, sexual orientation, gender individuality or look, age, matrimonial position, political belief, faith, in-migration position, and mental or physical disablement. ( degree Celsius ) Social workers should collaborate with societal work co-workers and with co-workers of other professions when such cooperation serves the wellbeing of clients 4.02 Discrimination Social workers should non pattern, condone, facilitate, or collaborate with any signifier of favoritism on the footing of race, ethnicity, national beginning, colour, sex, sexual orientation, gender identify or look, age, matrimonial position, political belief, faith, in-migration position, or mental or physical disablement. 4.03 Private Behavior Social workers should non allow their private behavior to interfere with their ability to carry through their professional duties. 4.04 Dishonesty, Fraud, and Deception Social workers should non take part in, condone, or be associated with dishonesty, fraud, or misrepresentation. My Positions of the Ethical motives and Valuess Covering with Worth and Dignity Self-government is a really of import value when covering with a client. This allows the client, with aid from the societal worker, to place their ends. The client will experience a sense of ownership in making said ends. Privacy and confidentiality besides play a immense function in continuing the worth and self-respect of person having aid. Everyone, irrespective of their position in society, has a right to privateness. Some clients may non cognize that they have these rights or may believe that their right to privateness has been forfeited since they are having aid. This, of class, is non true, and the societal worker should inform the client of this fact. The societal worker besides has to recognize that non all of the people having services are literate and must therefore explain to those clients the revelation of confidential information. This besides pertains to each person s rights to confidentiality when supplying reding to twosomes or groups. A societal worker should neer do progresss of a sexual nature to a client. This may take some clients to believe that the lone manner that they can have aid is to give into those progresss. It may besides do others to non seek aid at all. Derogatory linguistic communication, either verbal or written, can be corrupting to a client. A societal worker has to be cognizant of the civilization of the individual that they are turn toing. What may non be important to the societal worker may, on the other manus, be violative to the client. The decision-making procedure varies from client to client. The societal worker must do certain that when he or she is moving of behalf of a client that the client s involvements and rights are safe guarded. Respect in the Social Work Code of Ethics is under the ethical duties to co-workers, but it should besides be under the manner clients should be treated. When 1 shows regard to another individual, communicating is greatly enhanced, and communicating is what societal work revolves around. Discrimination is something that can non and should non be practiced, condoned, or facilitated by a societal worker. This means favoritism of any type to include ; race, ethnicity, sex, colour, matrimonial position, political relations, mental disablement, in-migration position, or sexual orientation. Discrimination has an inauspicious consequence on the client and the societal work profession. When a societal worker allows their private life to impact their work, no 1 wins. A societal worker must be professional plenty to divide the two. Another issue that deals with a societal worker s professionalism is his or her ability to non take portion in any manner with misrepresentation, dishonesty, or fraud. My Application of the Ethical motives When covering with ethnicity, I will larn about what is acceptable and unacceptable with each cultural group. I will guarantee that I differentiate between ethnicity and race. National beginning has to be dealt with in a similar manner as with ethnicity. Therefore, I will guarantee that I am cognizant of the imposts of the client s fatherland. Social category requires that a societal worker non organize preconceived impressions of the individual being served. I will maintain my head unfastened and guarantee, as with all instances, to listen to what is being said. Religion is a really huffy topic that has to be handled. I will do every attempt to understand the imposts and traditions of assorted spiritual groups in order non to pique. When covering with a client that has a physical or mental disablement, I will guarantee that their self-respect and worth is non compromised. I will utilize linguistic communication that they can easy understand, and I will non speak down to the person. Everyone has the right to populate their life they manner that they choose. I will neer judge a client based on their sexual orientation. This and the old topics can be handled by merely being a professional. I will endeavor to be a masterful professional at all times.

How To Publish More Consistent Content To Grow A Blog

How To Publish More Consistent Content To Grow A Blog Are you one of the 86% of bloggers who plan to publish more content in 2015? Yeah. Were planning to publish more content, too. While creating and publishing consistent content may seem a bit tough at first,  itll really help you build reader loyalty and grow your audience. And that will ultimately increase your traffic, social media shares, and search engine rankings. It did for us at . How To Publish More  Consistent #Content That Will Help You Grow A Successful #BlogSo, how can  you actually create more consistent content? It boils down to a few things: Understand why youd actually like to create more content. Plan  your publishing momentum. Execute the plan. Simple, right? Heres exactly how to create consistent content that will help you grow a successful blog. Take A Step Back: Why Do You Want To Publish More Content? If you want to publish more, you probably have your reasons. But publishing more itself shouldn't be your goal. For example, you may decide  to focus on something like increasing your pageviews, social media shares, email signup conversions, and even product or service signups. Publishing more #content shouldn't be your #blogging goal. Here's why.It's really not complex, I promise! You just need to know the goal you want to reach and how an average blog post contributes to that goal right now. Then you can  use  this algorithm to do it  yourself: Divide your metric's goal by what an average blog post currently contributes to that goal. That should give you a rough estimate of how many posts you need to write. Example: Let's say you want 8,000 pageviews a month. If an average blog post receives 1,000 pageviews, you'd have to write 8 blog posts to reach your goal. You can see this algorithm would work  for  pageviews, social media shares, email signups, product signups, or whatever you're measuring. From there, you can look at how consistently you create content today compared to how much content you  need to create to hit your goals: Simply subtract the number  of posts you need to write from  the amount you're currently publishing. The result is the number of posts  you need to write to reach your marketing goals. Example:  You need to write 8 blog posts to reach your monthly goal. If  you only currently write 4 posts, you need to write 4 more posts to reach your goal. While these algorithms aren't a  perfect solution, they're super helpful for gauging how much content you need to publish to hit your marketing goals. And once you know about how many posts you want to create, you can make a plan to create consistent content. This post has some super helpful algorithms for nerdy #bloggers who want to publish more #content.Creating Consistent Content Is Like Running A Marathon Alright! So you're going to publish a ton of new content, right!? Might as well just publish a bajillion posts right away. Or not. Creating consistent content is like preparing for a marathon. It's not a sprint. And you're not going to be able to run it your first day. You need to build up your tolerance- and practice your approach- and eventually, you'll be able to run a ton of miles in a relatively short amount of time. Did you know that at for a while, we published three posts a week, and then we cut back to two? We jumped the gun and published more content than we could handle. After we cut back, our content became longer. We  actually grew our subscribers. And we had time to plan how we could publish  three posts a week. That's a true story about how consistent and quality content can build a loyal audience (we love you guys!) while building momentum for a successful blog. Now we're back to consistently publishing three blog posts of awesomeness every  week. From here, you need to figure out the pace that's right for you. Creating consistent #content is like preparing for a marathon. You can't run it your first day.How To Build Up Your Momentum To Publish Consistent Content There are a few  things you need to do to prepare for your blogging marathon. 1.  Consist-a-tize the content you're already creating. First, let's get the content  you're already writing publishing consistent. Choose the specific days and times you'll commit to publishing. According to your goals, there is research to help you choose the best times to publish your blog posts. Choose a day and time that should help you achieve your marketing goals. Plan any posts you're already working on in your content marketing editorial calendar  for that specific day and time for the next month at least. Remember that example from earlier? It looks like  publishing your blog posts Mondays at 11 a.m.  EST gets you the most traffic. If your goal is pageviews,  publishing your content consistently at this time should help you accomplish just that. 2. Commit to creating consistent content. Before you add more content to your editorial calendar, get what you're already doing under control. If you'll need help with anything to create the content, figure out how you'll overcome those challenges. Struggling for content ideas? Figure out where you'll find your blog ideas. If you need graphics, know how you'll create your visuals. Planning the details ahead of time- maybe with a workflow- and getting everyone on board from the get-go is the best way to create consistent content. Even if you're a solo blogger, a workflow with a set of to-do lists can help you stay on track. Here's an example of the workflow we use at from beginning to end to make sure everything is done at just the right time: Gather ideas: 21 days before post. Target a keyword: 14 days before post. Find a great  headline: 14 days before post. Write the draft: 7 days before post. Create graphics: 6 days before post. Edit and prep the post to publish: 3 day before post. Schedule  social media messages: 1 day before post. Publish post.Nail your #blogging process now  so publishing  more consistent content will be easier later on.3. Plan how you'll add in more consistent content. Once the stuff you're already creating is publishing consistently, you're ready to add in more. Like you did before, choose the next  best days and times to publish your content. Then  add one new post at a time to  your editorial calendar. This is really where you should take your time to build up your publishing tolerance. Creating more content isn't better. Creating more content that is better is better. So... maybe try an editorial calendar  that looks something like this for your first 6 months: Though this example is a bit specific, you can apply this same theory to your content creation process. 3 Ways To  Actually Plan, Create, And Publish Consistent Content There are 3 big ways you can plan consistent  content and commit to your editorial calendar. 1. Plan ahead to save a ton of time. Plan ahead. The number 1 thing you can do to actually create content consistently is planning ahead.  There is no better tool than an editorial calendar to help you do this. Be selfish with your time. Use your time for what matters. We all get swamped in our workloads, but that's why you have to prioritize. I read a book a couple years ago called Vital Factors: The Secret To Transforming Your Business- And Your Life. The book  had a very simple concept: Focus on the vital few projects that will actually make a difference rather than the trivial many that overwhelm your life. Make it a point to stick with consistent content creation as part of your vital few.  And actively tell yourself to let go of what doesn't matter.

Beowulf vs Ulysses Essays

Beowulf vs Ulysses Essays Beowulf vs Ulysses Essay Beowulf vs Ulysses Essay Contrast: Ulysses and Beowulf When an individual envisions epic poetry, you cant help but think of dragons, heroes and huge battles. In the two epic poems Ulysses by Lord Tennyson and Beowulf translated by Burton Raffle, you find the two major heroes who are very intelligent above all other heroic attributes. Throughout each epic, you find the hero using the combination of strength, intelligence and unbreakable courage. The heroes are natural born leaders, that others around them cannot help but be mesmerisms by. A major connected between the two epics was the definition of dervish is evident. Through the Journeys of the main characters, Beowulf and Ulysses are each portrayed as heroes in the poems as they lead their men on great adventures. While both display many characteristics of heroes and leaders, Beowulf first act of leadership in the poem is when he offers to fight Greened unarmed. This is an example of leadership because he is standing up above everyone else, when all the other men are scared to. While all the other men are fearful and worried about Greened attacking, Beowulf is able to stay fearlessly as he awaited the arrival of Greened. From Ulysses poem it is evident he was a true leader, captaining ships and winning many battles in the Trojan War. Beowulf was also a very prideful individual, for example in his fight against Grenade. He was trying to seem heroic fighting without a weapon. You can also see this as an example of Beowulf enormous about of pride; he wants the glory from killing Grenade and that glory would be given if he killed him without a weapon. But Beowulf only longed for fame leaped back Lento battle. He tossed his sword aside, Angry; the steel-edged blade lay where Theyd dropped it. If weapons were useless hed use Shes hands, the strength in is fingers. So fame comes to the men who mean to win it and care about nothing else! (Line 605-608) In the quote it is so present that Beowulf only seeks fame, and glory of defeating Greened.

BASEL Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

BASEL - Essay Example The Accord outlines a set of standards for establishing minimum capital requirements for banking organizations. It encouraged banks to classify their experiences into broad categories reflecting similar types of borrowers. As an example, all exposures to corporate borrowers are subject to all capital requirements. However, with the advances in risk management practices, technology and banking markets, the 1998 Accord’s approach to measuring capital requirements has become less meaningful. This is why the BASEL have been updated into BASEL II, a consultative document that is believed to provide improved sensitivity to the risks that banks actually face and accommodate improvements in internal processes, more advanced risk measurement techniques and increasing use of sophisticated risk management practices. (Saidenberg, M. and Schuermann, 2005) More accommodating as it appears, the New Accord still has factors which have been pointed out by organizations such as the JCIF (2006) and the BIS (2001) itself that must be considered for determining requirements for market risks and capital standards. The most prominent issue is the improvements of the credit rating process. According to BASEL II, banks are encouraged to implement the internal ratings approach to determine credit capital requirements by using probability of default for borrower rating and loss given default for facility rating. This becomes problematic considering that banks have historically attributed ratings to transactions without separating the two risk factors. Compounding the problem is that banks have tended to rate customers using one or two ratings alone but the Accord specifies that borrowers should be evenly distributed across a minimum number of grades. Banks will find it necessary to re-engineer their internal credit rating system. The Internal Ratings Based approach specifies that credit risk measurement involves